Page 55 Duty Full Synthetic - On Front Side of Engine 50 hrs thereafter Check level daily; change Engine Coolant Polaris 50 / 50 Extended Life Maintain coolant level in coolant every two years coolant reservoir bottle - Under Front Hood Antifreeze * More often under severe use, such as operation in water or under severe loads.The RANGER XP 1000 EPS NorthStar Edition and RANGER CREW XP 1000 EPS NorthStar Edition feature factory-installed heating and air conditioning. For more information, read 2017+ RANGER XP 1000 NorthStar Cooling System Maintenance. This article will explain how to operate the system, clean air conditioning filters and clean the condenser.LSx engine have traditional coolant flow, block first, then the heads, and out. The LSx has both the in and out ports in the block, in is low ( rectangular port) , out is top ( round port ), each bank of the engine is separate, merging/diverting in the water pump! Thanks. Exactly the answer i needed, although it makes my original plans more ... · Originally Posted by koboss1. Anybody have a diagram of the coolant system and where the thermostat sits. thanks. koboss. Follow the top radiator hose to the engine. That is where the t-stat is. Remove the air cleaner and top radiator hose. Remove 2 ten mm nuts and pry pressure sensor bracket off of studs. It is tight but will move.Dec 30, 2009 · You can also find animated diagrams that will show the flow of the coolant through the radiator, the hoses and the engine. These animated diagrams are another great visual representation of how the cooling systems work. What Does a Cooling System Diagram Show? The diagrams show all of the parts of the cooling system of the vehicle.Keith Rowland Engines July 28, 2022. The Dodge RAM air conditioning diagram details all the components of the cooling system of the vehicle so you can have an insight as to how it works. From the coolant to the blower fan and the air vents, you will find all the right details that should help you make repairs when necessary.To ensure that the coolant maintains its ability to protect the engine, we recommend that the system be completely drained every five (5) years and fresh Antifreeze 50/50 Premix added. Any time the cooling system has been drained for maintenance or repair, replace the coolant with fresh Antifreeze 50/50 Premix.Jun 25, 2023 · Northstar Engine Coolant Flow Diagram. Ford Coyote Engine Cooling System Performance Guide ... Here is the coolant flow cycle as described in the service manual for the LS2. The LS3 should be the same. Cooling Cycle. Coolant is drawn from the radiator outlet and into the water pump inlet by the water pump. Some coolant will then be pumped from the water pump, to the heater core, then back to the water pump.Then, the thermostat opens, allowing coolant to flow from the engine to the radiator. After being cooled in the radiator, the coolant returns to the water pump to repeat the cycle. The water pump also forces hot coolant through the heater core during the cooling system's cycle.Jeep 4 0l Engine Coolant Flow Diagram. Jeep 4 0l Engine Coolant Flow Diagram. Posted by Flow Diagram (Author) 2023-06-25 Ls1 Over Heating - Page 2. Northstar Engine Coolant Flow Diagram. Ford Coyote Engine Cooling System Performance Guide ...An engine cooling system is a set of various parts that allow liquid coolant to flow through the engine block and cylinder head passages to absorb the unnecessary engine heat. As the coolant absorbs heat, its temperature increases. This hot coolant is returned to the radiator through a rubber hose for cooling.Mar 12, 2007 · The LT1 is completely different since it uses reverse flow cooling. The incoming coolant first encounters the thermostat, which now acts both on the inlet and outlet sides of the system. Depending on the engine coolant temperature, cold coolant from the radiator is carefully metered into the engine. To ensure that the coolant maintains its ability to protect the engine, we recommend that the system be completely drained every five (5) years and fresh Antifreeze 50/50 Premix added. Any time the cooling system has been drained for maintenance or repair, replace the coolant with fresh Antifreeze 50/50 Premix.Oct 14, 2022 · The cooling system in a 5.3 Vortec engine is made up of several different components, all working together to keep your engine at its optimal operating temperature. The main component is the radiator, which transfers heat from the engine coolant to the air outside of the vehicle. The radiator is usually located in front of the engine, where it ...Aug 1, 2004. The Northstar V8 engine family is General Motor's top-of-the-line luxury power plant. Introduced in 1993 in the Cadillac Allante, Eldorado and Seville STS, the 4.6L 32-valve dual overhead cam all-aluminum V8 engine was a quantum leap forward for U.S. automakers. Initially rated at 295 horsepower, the Northstar V8 has been ranked ...The cooling system of the 6.2L V8 engine (RPO LT2) on the 2020 Corvette (Fig. 1) is designed to help maintain engine performance under extreme track environments. ... TIP: The engine speed must be 3,000 RPM for 10 minutes in order to generate enough volume of coolant flow to push any air pockets out of the cooling system.Web northstar engine coolant flow diagram, wiring diagram 2000 north star northstar engine coolant flow diagram, cooling system northstar engine coolant flow. 17 images about distribucion de un cadilac v8 4.6 : Source: schematiclundin123.z13.web.core.windows.net Check DetailsCheck for coolant flow at the Purge line,this is a common problem on the Northstar. There is a small diameter hose coming from near the top of the coolant tank,this is the purge line. With the engine idling,pull the purge line from the tank,if there is no coolant flow from this small hose,it is blocked and this will cause overheating.If the ...Always allow the engine to cool before removing the pressure cap. 2. Slowly remove the radiator cap (1). 3. View the coolant level through the opening. 4. Use a funnel and slowly add coolant as needed. Tip: This procedure is required only if the cooling system has been drained for maintenance and/or repair.By Larry Carley. May 12, 2009. The cooling system on late-model Nissan Altimas and Maximas with the 3.5L V6 engine is similar to many other late-model vehicles in that the water pump is buried and typically takes two to three hours to replace depending on the model, year and your manual dexterity. - Autoshop Solutions Partners With ShopBoss.Keith Rowland Engines July 28, 2022. The Dodge RAM air conditioning diagram details all the components of the cooling system of the vehicle so you can have an insight as to how it works. From the coolant to the blower fan and the air vents, you will find all the right details that should help you make repairs when necessary.December 11, 2022. Ford 5.0 Coolant Flow Diagram. 97 f350 xlt, 4x4, toreador red, cc, psd, mle0, zf5, 3.55 l/s, luk clutch,velvet rides, isspro gauges, v/cover vented to tailpipe, dppi. I had a screenshot of a directional coolant flow diagram but lost it when i got a new phone. 31 1994 Ford F150 Cooling System Diagram Wiring Diagram Info from ...Using K-Seal as a radiator stop leak is simple: Shake the bottle. Put radiator stop leak in the coolant reservoir or radiator. Run the engine up to operating temperature. The liquid formula will make its way around the engine and fill any pinhole leaks, holes and cracks in your radiator or cooling system to fix it, permanently.By Scott Mueller. One of the greatest features of the '92 and up Chevrolet LT1 engine is the reverse flow cooling system. In fact it is reverse flow cooling that is truly the key to the incredible performance of the modern LT1. Reverse flow cooling is vastly superior to the conventional cooling systems used on virtually all other engines.Nov 20, 2022 · Author: www.diyford.com Evaluate 4 ⭐ (26389 Ratings). Top rated: 4 ⭐ Lowest rating: 2 ⭐ Summary: Articles about Ford Coyote Engine Cooling System Performance Guide Ford calls this “cross-flow” cooling, which is different from the conventional cooling for which the 4.6L and 5.4L Modular engines are known.Cross-flow …December 11, 2022. Ford 5.0 Coolant Flow Diagram. 97 f350 xlt, 4x4, toreador red, cc, psd, mle0, zf5, 3.55 l/s, luk clutch,velvet rides, isspro gauges, v/cover vented to tailpipe, dppi. I had a screenshot of a directional coolant flow diagram but lost it when i got a new phone. 31 1994 Ford F150 Cooling System Diagram Wiring Diagram Info from ...Diagram Cooling System - Wrangler JK Diagram Part #1 Diagram Part #2 Diagram Part #3 Diagram Part #4 Diagram Part #5 Diagram Part #6 Diagram Part #7 ... Coolant Recovery Bottle 2007-2011 Jeep Wrangler JK & Unlimited JK. SKU: 55056542AD. ... Fits:2007-2016 Jeep Wrangler JK & Unlimited JK with 3.8L engine.Application: Jeep Wrangler JK Cooling ...North star engine coolant system diagram wiring diagram info An engine cooling system is a set of various parts that allow liquid coolant to flow through the engine block and cylinder head passages to absorb the heat of combustion. Therefore, the effectiveness of the coolant is determined for various parts of the world by varying the mixture ratio.The Ford F-150 cooling system diagram can be found in the service manual. It shows the location of all the major components of the cooling system, as well as their function. The diagram is essential for anyone who needs to do maintenance or repairs on the truck. The cooling system of your Ford F-150 is vital to the performance and longevity of ...Also note that the cooling fans don't come on until the coolant temperature hits around 225 degrees. During normal highway driving the fans will very rarely come on(if at all) due to constant air flow through the radiator.They will only usually come on in heavy traffic conditions on a hot day.To do its job, the coolant moves in a continuous cycle, pushed through the engine by the water pump. The engine contains internal hollow structures called water jackets. The coolant flows inside ...3. View the coolant level through the opening. 4. Use a funnel and slowly add coolant as needed. Tip: This procedure is required only if the cooling system has been drained for maintenance and/or repair. But if the overflow bottle has run dry, the level in the radiator should also be inspected. 5.2.0 Cooling System Basics Fig. 2.1 - Reference: 6.0 Power Stroke 2003.25 "F" Series Super Duty Features Descriptions Unique Service Procedures and General Diagnostics The diagram above shows the 3 circuits that the engine coolant takes from the water pump. There is a circuit for each side of the engine and one to the oil cooler / EGR cooler.03-07 5.9L CUMMINS. COOLING SYSTEM. COOLING SYSTEM. CPP offers cooling system components for your 2003-2007 Ram 24v 5.9L Cummins Diesel trucks. The cooling system is a big deal when it comes to making your high horsepower diesel perform at its best! Parts like water pumps, thermostats, hoses and radiators are often overlooked until it is too late.We created this page to assist those trying to find a Engine Coolant Flow Diagram, and ideally, You can fix your problem with our article. A wiring diagram will reveal you where the wires should be connected, so you do not have to presume. You don't have to presume, a wiring diagram will certainly reveal you how to link the wires.Always allow the engine to cool before removing the pressure cap. 2. Slowly remove the radiator cap (1). 3. View the coolant level through the opening. 4. Use a funnel and slowly add coolant as needed. Tip: This procedure is required only if the cooling system has been drained for maintenance and/or repair.3. View the coolant level through the opening. 4. Use a funnel and slowly add coolant as needed. Tip: This procedure is required only if the cooling system has been drained for maintenance and/or repair. But if the overflow bottle has run dry, the level in the radiator should also be inspected. 5.A pump , driven by a pulley and belt from the crankshaft , drives hot coolant out of the engine to the radiator , which is a form of heat exchanger . Unwanted heat is passed from the radiator into the air stream, and the cooled liquid then returns to an inlet at the bottom of the block and flows back into the channels again.Pour Prestone Cooling System Flush into expansion tank and top up with water to the fill line. Then, run the engine for 45-60 minutes. Drain the system again, flush once more with water, before filling the system with Prestone Coolant/Antifreeze. This will ensure maximum protection for your car's cooling system.Automobile - Cooling, Radiator, Engine: Almost all automobiles employ liquid cooling systems for their engines. A typical automotive cooling system comprises (1) a series of channels cast into the engine block and cylinder head, surrounding the combustion chambers with circulating water or other coolant to carry away excessive heat, (2) a radiator, consisting of many small tubes equipped with ...The pump circulates fluid whenever the engine is running. The water pump uses centrifugal force to send fluid to the outside while it spins, causing fluid to be drawn from the center continuously. The inlet to the pump is located near the center so that fluid returning from the radiator hits the pump vanes. The pump vanes fling the fluid to the ...Dec 19, 2022 · The coolant absorbs the heat from the engine and flows from the engine to the radiator where it cools down and flows back into the engine. When the hot coolant reaches the radiator, it cools down because of the air flowing across the radiator. That is why the radiator is always placed on the front of the vehicle.Cooling system diagram 2003 Chevy Impala. Radiator: This is a heat exchanger that is responsible for dissipating heat from the engine coolant. Radiator fan: This is a fan that helps to cool the radiator by blowing air through it. Thermostat: This is a valve that controls the flow of coolant through the engine and radiator based on the ...Today almost all new marine engines use the closed cooling system design. These systems are pressurized, just like your car or truck. By increasing the pressure inside the closed part of the system, the boiling point of the coolant is enhanced. For every pound of pressure added, approximately 3° F can be added to your engine's operating ...Subaru Coolant Leaks. In phase two 2.5L models, head gaskets are known to leak in several ways. Models made before 2003 have been notorious for coolant leaks, which generally occur at the left-side gasket. The problem drew protests that prompted Subaru to extend its warranty plan and add an anti-leak cooling system conditioner.The generic method of bleeding air from the cooling system is to use a floor jack and raise the front of the car as high as poss, then fill the coolant recovery tank full and run the engine until it just starts to overheat, high end of normal zone on gauge, then shut the engine down and run cold water over the radiator core, this will self ... I have a 350 cummins low flow that gets hot under a load. Air intake system flow diagram. Lubricating oil system flow diagram. The low flow ones have coolant lines to the radiator no bigger than an inch and a quarter or so diameter. Cummins ntc 400 blue smoke. Temperature drop from inlet to outlet.By Larry Carley. May 12, 2009. The cooling system on late-model Nissan Altimas and Maximas with the 3.5L V6 engine is similar to many other late-model vehicles in that the water pump is buried and typically takes two to three hours to replace depending on the model, year and your manual dexterity. - Autoshop Solutions Partners With ShopBoss.The 5.3 Vortec cooling system diagram is a great way to keep your engine cool. The diagram shows how the water pump circulates the coolant through the radiator and back to the engine. It also shows where the thermostat is located and how it controls the flow of coolant. The 5.3 Vortec cooling system diagram is a helpful tool when it comes to ...Sep 2, 2023 · You may need to raise the front of your vehicle and remove a splash shield to reach the radiator valve. After raising your vehicle, chock the rear wheels and support your car on jack stands. 3. Access the Thermostat Housing. Disconnect the upper radiator hose from the thermostat housing.Feb 24, 1997 · At this point, if the coolant flow rate is increased, the engine will then transfer more heat to the coolant, which will exacerbate the situation. The thermostat flow restriction helps to increase the pressure in the cooling system, which makes it harder for the coolant to boil in the water pump.The cooling system in any car, including the Ford Mustang, is vital to keep the engine from overheating. The system is made up of several parts that work together to move heat away from the engine and into the air. The main components of the cooling system are the radiator, water pump, thermostat, and fans. The radiator is a large metal tank ...The Dodge/Chrysler 3.6L Pentastar V6 engine, like any other engine, can experience cooling system issues that require attention. Here are some of the common problems that owners may encounter: Overheating — One of the primary concerns is engine overheating. This can be caused by various factors, such as coolant leaks, a malfunctioning ...engine coolant flow control valve … WebJul 14, 2016 · Engine Coolant Flow Control The correct coolant flows are provided by factory installed orifices combined with external circuit resistance (set at each site). The … Webdrop down and flow back into the engine. Flow in this circuit runs as long as the engine is run-ning.Sep 3, 2023 · Read Or Download Jeep 4 0l Engine Coolant Flow Diagram at 174.138.63.91. ... Northstar Engine Coolant Flow Diagram. Ford Coyote Engine Cooling System Performance ... Wiring diagram chevy silverado radio saturn 2004 stereo bose ion 2002 2005 chevrolet 2003 vue amp trailblazer schematic wire engine. Source: kovodym.blogspot.com. Find the saturn radio wiring diagram you need to install your car stereo and save time. Thanks to, i successfully reset the passlock on my 2004 saturn ion.Mar 12, 2007 · The LT1 is completely different since it uses reverse flow cooling. The incoming coolant first encounters the thermostat, which now acts both on the inlet and outlet sides of the system. Depending on the engine coolant temperature, cold coolant from the radiator is carefully metered into the engine. A quick way to check for an air leak in the cooling system: Submerge the end of a small hose in the coolant reservoir tank or radiator overflow tank. Submerge the other end into a jar with water. Set the transmission to Neutral (manual) or Park (automatic). Engage the emergency brake, start the engine and let it idle.We are Nairobi's 'go-to' people for Design, Supply, Installation, Maintenance & Optimisation of mission critical HVAC & Refrigeration Systems. At North Star we have put smiles on many a customer this past 15 years with a strong focus on catering customer needs leveraging a solid engineering & technology foundation.the PURGE LINE is a small diameter hose that plugs onto a hollow bolt at the thermostat housing -. and carries coolant and trapped air to the SERGE TANK -. to test it -. when the engine is cold - remove the pressure cap from the SERGE TANK -. then carefully remove the PURGE LINE from the side of the SERGE TANK -.Base Engine 7 Cooling System EGR Coolant Tubes There are several changes in the 2010 MaxxForce® 7 engine cooling system. The first is coolant flow through the EGR cooler. Two tubes route coolant from the front cover to the EGR cooler and back. The forward tube is the supply to the cooler, and the rear is the return. EGR Coolant FlowWeb the ford 4.6 coolant flow diagram is a great resource for anyone who needs to know how the engine cooling system works. Web to fully understand how a pressurized cooling system works, you have to break it down and familiarize yourself with all of its individual components. How to flush the cooling system on a northstar engine. The Diagrams ...17 images about distribucion de un cadilac v8 4.6 : We have 6 north star 157308 manuals available for free pdf download: Web northstar engine coolant flow diagram, wiring diagram 2000 north star northstar engine coolant flow diagram, cooling system northstar engine coolant flow. Source: schematiclundin123.z13.web.core.windows.net Check Details1 / 1. 1983 - 2012 Ranger & B-Series - Coolant flow diagram - 1985 Ranger 2.8L V6. I have had recuring overheating problems. I have flushed the system twice, replaced water pump, fan clutch and all hoses. Had the radiator boiled. I have used a 160degree thermostate but it ran too cool, now I put in a 195degree thermostate...There are 9 components participating in the 5.3 Vortec Cooling System. These are the radiator, the upper and lower hose for the radiator, cap or pressure release valve, a water pump, a coolant thermostat, the thermostat housing, and a cooling fan shroud. 5.3 Vortec Cooling System Diagram. The in-depth discussion on all parts marked as A, B, C ...By Zayn Posted on September 10, 2022 Updated on April 12, 2023. A Chevy 350 coolant flow diagram is an essential tool for understanding and maintaining the cooling system of your engine. The diagram shows how the coolant travels through the engine components, including the water pump, thermostat, radiator, coolant hoses, and heater core.Oct 22, 2016 · With the engine idling,pull the purge line from the tank,if there is no coolant flow from this small hose,it is blocked and this will cause overheating.If the hose is clear, check for blockage at the nipple on the tank. Air locks in the Northstar engine shouldn't be a problem as the system is self purging, given that all hoses are clear. Flow through the radiator is controlled by the thermostat. Depending on coolant temp, the thermostat will be either closed or partially open. When closed coolant flow through the radiator is stopped and hot coolant will flow from the engine block to the thermostat and back through the water pump where it will re-enter the engine.A functional cooling system should be able to remove heat at a fast rate when the engine is hot. Engines are cool during the starting, much cooling is not needed so that the working parts can reach their working temperature in a short time. Higher temperatures lower the volumetric efficiency of the engine. · The surge tank is a low-flow part of the entire pressurized cooling system. You add/subtract enough 50/50 coolant/water mix to keep the level at the mid-seam line. Level checks and adjustments are done with the engine cold. As the engine warms up the coolant expands - a lot - and that expansion, working against the air volume in the tank, is ...The thermostat in the northstar engine is located at the bottom radiator hose (unlike most conventional cooling systems). The most common overheating …Aug 19, 2022 · 6.7 Cummins Coolant Flow Diagram. By Zayn Posted on August 19, 2022 Updated on April 12, 2023. A coolant flow diagram of a 67 Cummins engine illustrates the path that coolant takes through the engine’s cooling system. Understanding this diagram is crucial in maintaining optimal engine performance, preventing overheating, and reducing …The Northstar engine is a family of high-performance 90° V engines produced by General Motors between 1993 and 2011. Regarded as GM's most technically complex engine, the original double overhead cam, four valve per cylinder, aluminum block/aluminum head V8 design was developed by Oldsmobile R&D, [citation needed] but is most associated with Cadillac's Northstar series.Apr 27, 2017 · The cold water from the radiator comes into the engine at the head, where you want the coldest water to keep your valves from burning up. This is the standard cooling plan for every engine since the flathead V-8 was built by Henry Ford. Reversing this would flow would make your cooling system inefficient - but it would still work. Aug 20, 2011 · Filter Changing. 1. 6.0L Power Stroke Diesel - Coolant flow diagram - I need to flush out my block and heater core as part of my rebuild resulting from a blown oil cooler. I know I have seen a diagram for the coolant flow on this site before but i cant seem to find it now. I just need to know where to start my water flow on the block and... Web the normal operating temperature for the northstar engine is around 210 degrees. Expansion diagram tank cooling system cummins recovery flow low vs. Over time, the …Overview: The coolant/water outlet on the 1.4L Turbo engine has a high rate of failure and typically begins to leak at the joint between the water outlet and the recovery tank hose. The repair involves replacement of both the water outlet and the recovery tank hose. The two should be replaced at the same time. Tools Required: - E10 Socket w/ ratchet - Flathead screwdriver - In-lb torque wrench ...Web northstar engine coolant flow diagram, wiring diagram 2000 north star northstar engine coolant flow diagram, cooling system northstar engine coolant flow. Professional portable generator (10 pages) portable generator. Web cadillac belt serpentine eldorado sts deville 1995 northstar timing diagrams routing block seville drove around 2carpros.Download Free 10 Dodge Journey Cooling Engine Diagram Free Download Pdf engine cooling system definition diagram components work pdf how an engine cooling system ...As the cooling system works by conductivity - from hot metal to a cooler liquid (as in the engine water jacket) then from hot liquid to cooler metal surfaces (as in the radiator), the coolants thermal conductivity is of ultra importance. Tests carried out by major motor manufacturers have concluded that the improvement of glycol's thermal ...Nov 30, 2017 · Drew03Accord said: Correct! The coolant flows in two circuits. When cold, it flows in a closed loop in the engine block for fast heatup. At that point, the radiator coolant is stagnant, more or less. When the coolant in the block heats up enough, the thermostat opens and flow to radiator circuit is added. SSLogic Lifetime Premium · #17 · May 20, 2019. Coolant System Diagram in the link below. rocaloca said: There is a Coolant System Diagram in the thread linked below: You are the OP in the linked thread also, it's your Coolant Smell thread. Checkout Post #06 pic #1 in the link for the diagram.Sep 10, 2022 · By Zayn Posted on September 10, 2022 Updated on April 12, 2023. A Chevy 350 coolant flow diagram is an essential tool for understanding and maintaining the cooling system of your engine. The diagram shows how the coolant travels through the engine components, including the water pump, thermostat, radiator, coolant hoses, and heater core. Creating diagrams is an essential part of many professions, from engineering and architecture to education and business. However, creating diagrams can be time-consuming and costly, especially if you need specialized software.Page 55 Duty Full Synthetic - On Front Side of Engine 50 hrs thereafter Check level daily; change Engine Coolant Polaris 50 / 50 Extended Life Maintain coolant level in coolant every two years coolant reservoir bottle - Under Front Hood Antifreeze * More often under severe use, such as operation in water or under severe loads.Nov 30, 2017 · Drew03Accord said: Correct! The coolant flows in two circuits. When cold, it flows in a closed loop in the engine block for fast heatup. At that point, the radiator coolant is stagnant, more or less. When the coolant in the block heats up enough, the thermostat opens and flow to radiator circuit is added. A coolant mixture of 50/50 has a boiling point of 223 deg, Using K-Seal as a radiator stop leak is simple: Shake the bottle. Put radiator stop leak in the coolant reservoir or , Jul 27, 2012 · The surge tank is a low-flow part of the entire pressurized cooling system. You add/subtract enou, We created this page to assist those trying to find a, By Zayn Posted on September 10, 2022 Updated on April , The most typical LS coolant flow pattern is vertical, from top, Four Seasons Heating and Cooling systems are designed to provide you with efficient, rel, We are Nairobi's 'go-to' people for Design, Supply, Ins, The test result shows that the ppwc primary coolant flow, A proper cooling system helps produce horsepower and , Post subject: Re: Jeep CRD Coolant Hose & Flow Diagr, The best way to ensure that your heating and cooling, The plumbing around the thermostat sends the fluid back to the pump di, A Liquid-Cooled Cooling System. To intuitively understand the , If not, coolant goes in bottom of water pump, through block, up to, The water pump contains a centrifugal impeller, which spins rapid, Engine can be installed anywhere on the vehicle. 2. V, Water in the block and heater circuit flows constantly - the t.