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Northampton county civil docket search - The Bucks County Court of Common Pleas civil and family court dockets

COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF NORTHAMPTON COUNTY DOCKET Docket Number

Fax. Register's Office (413) 584-1132. Probation Department (413) 586-5670. View daily list (PDF) Public access to Hampshire Probate and Family Court Get assistance in the virtual registry Search court dockets, calendars, and case information Sign up for civil court date text reminders (PDF) Forms Filing fees. Transit friendly.Without property taxes in place, Northampton County would not be able to fund the services its citizens depend upon and those required by the state and federal governments (such as contributions for schools, social services and courts). In Northampton County, property taxes are the largest source of local revenue and fund 66% of the General ...Pennsylvania Probate Records are available online, click here. Microfilm of original records. Includes index. Northampton County in 1752 was set off from Bucks County and contained a very large area. Parts or all of Northumberland (1772), Carbon (1843), Lehigh (1812), Monroe (1836), and Schuylkill (1811) counties were set off from Northampton ...IN THE COMMONWEALTH COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA 1229 CD 2021 TRICIA MEZZACAPPA, Appellee v. COUNTY OF NORTHAMPTON, Appellant BRIEF FOR APPELLEE TRICIA MEZZACAPPA Appeal from the order of October 5, 2021 in the Northampton County Court of Common Pleas C-48-CV-2021-02522 Tricia Mezzacappa, pro se 817 Ridge Street West Easton, PA 18042 908-878-3468Already have an account? Log in here. Username. Password Forgot your password? © 2023 Info Quick Solutions, Inc.Northampton County. Perform a free Northampton County, PA public record search, including arrest, birth, business, contractor, court, criminal, death, divorce, employee, genealogy, GIS, inmate, jail, land, marriage, police, property, sex offender, tax, vital, and warrant records searches. The Northampton County Public Record links below open in ...Docket Sheets Search, view and print court docket sheets; Pay Fine or Fees Securely pay fines, costs, and restitution; E-Filing ... To obtain a Pennsylvania marriage license, both applicants must appear at the county court together in person.Court Schedule. Monday 10:00 a.m., Civil Returns and Unlawful Detainers 11:00 a.m., Civil Contested Cases 1:30 p.m., Contested Civil or Miscellaneous (Scheduled by Judge) Tuesday 9:00 a.m., Traffic - State Police 10:00 a.m., Traffic - Chesapeake Bay Bridge Tunnel 11:00 p.m., Traffic - State Police 1st - Virginia Park Police 2nd - Game Wardens ...Comments and Questions for the County Executive; County Meetings and Agendas Court Opinions; Court Rules; Corrections Absconders List; Docket Search ; Domestic Bench Warrants; Electronic Payment of Real Estate Taxes; Employee Portal; GIS Interactive Mapping; Landex Recorded Deeds; Northampton County Courts Website; Pay Court Costs and Fines ... The court address is 104 West Jefferson Street, PO Box 217, Jackson NC 27845. The phone number for Northampton County District Court is 252-574-3100 and the fax number is 252-574-3101. Search Northampton County District Court cases online in Jackson, NC. Find the courthouse address, phone numbers and other info on the page.Delaware judiciary cases can be searched online at the Delaware State CourtConnect website, according to its official page. Both civil and criminal cases can be searched using the online docket search platform.BACK TO SEARCH RESULTS. PRINT; Catalog Print List (0) County court records of Accomack - Northampton, Virginia, 1640-1645. Statement of Responsibility: edited by Susie M. Ames ... Northampton County was originally established in 1634 under the name of Accawmac which has been transliterated in this book as Accowmacke. In 1642-1643 the name was ...If your problem relates to a Pennsylvania court case, please provide its unique alpha-numeric docket number. All Magisterial District Court docket numbers begin with ‘MJ’ and follow a similar format (Examples: MJ-51301-TR-0009999-2017, MJ-51301-NT-0008888-2017). BACK TO SEARCH RESULTS. PRINT; Catalog Print List (0) County court records of Accomack - Northampton, Virginia, 1640-1645. Statement of Responsibility: edited by Susie M. Ames ... Northampton County was originally established in 1634 under the name of Accawmac which has been transliterated in this book as Accowmacke. In 1642-1643 the name was ...Northampton County, OOR Dkt. AP 20210080, 2021 PA O.O.R.D. LEXIS 379- , or Mezzacappa v. Northampton County, OOR Dkt. AP 2023- 0603, 2023 PA O.O.R.D. LEXIS 1140. 3. Finally, the County submitted a judicial opinion from the Court of Common Pleas of Northampton County finding that surveillance video footage taken from the County Courthouse was a ...Magisterial Court 03 2 12 3rd District Northampton County Magisterial District Court 03-2-12, 1710 Butler Street 0.7 mile away. Magisterial Court 03 2 05 3rd District Northampton County Magisterial District Court 03-2-05, 6 South Third Street, 4th Floor Front 1.6 miles awayRegister of Deeds. The Register of Deeds Office is responsible for the recording, indexing and preservation of all real estate records, vital records, UCC´s, plats and other miscellaneous records. The Northampton County Register of Deeds Office has real estate records extending back as far as 1741. Marriage records are available from 1863.The Northampton County Archives houses a combination of original book and paper records as well as a few computer indexes as noted in the listing below. The Landex computer system to research records for the Recorder of Deeds office is available at both the Recorder of Deeds Division Office and the Archives Building.The Chester County Court of Common Pleas civil court dockets are available here.Access is free at public libraries in the Chester County Library Systems; otherwise, a ChescoPIN subscription is required to view the dockets. ChescoPIN has a $50.00 one-time application fee and charges $10/month (for up to 100 transactions) and …Northampton County Orphans' Court Northampton County Courthouse 669 Washington St, Easton, PA 18042 Phone: (610) 829-6488. Northampton County Magisterial District Court 03-1-04 248 Brodhead Rd, #2, Bethlehem, PA 18017 Phone: (610) 691-2364 Fax: (610) 861-7645. This court serves the City of Bethlehem Ward 14 and Hanover Township.For a list of what to bring when you apply, visit the Bucks County Reigster of Wills' website. How do I apply for child support? To apply for child support, visit the Domestic Relations Section (DRS) or contact the Client Service Unit at 215-340-8068.Mar 15, 2023 · Access court records for Northampton County Magisterial District Court, PA. Search court cases for free, read the case summary, find docket information, download court documents, track case status, and get alerts when cases are updated. For a list of what to bring when you apply, visit the Bucks County Reigster of Wills' website. How do I apply for child support? To apply for child support, visit the Domestic Relations Section (DRS) or contact the Client Service Unit at 215-340-8068.Pennsylvania Unified Judicial System Search Page; Civil Cases. Civil Attorney Calendar AOPC Number Search; Civil Court Calendar Type Search; Prothonotary Case Searches; Register of Wills Active Cases. Attorney Inventory Search; Marriage License Search; Orphans' Court Search; Public Access Search (probate only)Use the minimum search criteria. For example, with a participant name search, enter a first name, last name, and county* only. *Select the Pennsylvania county where the case is filed. If unknown, this information is typically specified on documents sent by the court. Perform a search in a few easy steps. Viewing a Docket SheetIris Y. Martinez. Office of the Clerk of the Circuit Court of Cook County. 50 W. Washington, Suite 1001. Chicago, Illinois 60602-1305 (312) 603-5030Access December 2022 court records for Northampton County Trial Court, PA. Search court cases for free, read the case summary, find docket information, download court documents, track case status, and get alerts when cases are updated.The Massachusetts court system consists of the Supreme Judicial Court, the Appeals Court, the Executive Office of the Trial Court, the 7 Trial Court departments, the Massachusetts Probation Service, and the Office of Jury Commissioner. ... Search basic case information and scheduled court dates Find a courthouse Jobs with the court system ...North Carolina. Northampton County. Perform a free Northampton County, NC public record search, including arrest, birth, business, contractor, court, criminal, death, divorce, employee, genealogy, GIS, inmate, jail, land, marriage, police, property, sex offender, tax, vital, and warrant records searches. The Northampton County Public Records ...Docket Sheets Search, view and print court docket sheets; Pay Fine or Fees Securely pay fines, costs, and restitution; E-Filing Electronically file documents with the courts; Forms Access Unified Judicial System forms; Public Records Access public records and policiesThe Difference Between Civil and Criminal Cases; Self Help. Handbook for Self-Represented Litigants; Child Custody; Divorce. Divorce Self Help Overview; 3301c - Mutual Consent; ... Northampton County Court of Common Pleas, 669 Washington Street, Easton, PA 18042 • (610) 829-6500 • Contact The Court.There are 2 Clerk Offices in Northampton County, Virginia, serving a population of 11,998 people in an area of 212 square miles. There is 1 Clerk Office per 5,999 people, and 1 Clerk Office per 105 square miles. In Virginia, Northampton County is ranked 10th of 133 counties in Clerk Offices per capita, and 34th of 133 counties in Clerk Offices ...Delaware judiciary cases can be searched online at the Delaware State CourtConnect website, according to its official page. Both civil and criminal cases can be searched using the online docket search platform.March 2022 Access court records for Northampton County Magisterial District Court, PA. Search court cases for free, read the case summary, find docket information, download court documents, track case status, and get alerts when cases are updated. ... Court. Northampton County. County. Northampton County, PA. Case # CP-48-MD-0000432-2022. Case ...Civil docket call is held on designated afternoons (2PM J&DR, 2:30 GDC) on the "duty" docket for the presiding judge's assigned cases ; Civil trials and most hearings are set with Judges' legal assistants. Civil appeals will be scheduled for the presiding Judge's duty docket call. The pre-setting of all cases is strongly encouraged.Opinions Search court opinions and postings Cases of Public Interest Find information on cases Court of Judicial Discipline New postings Docket Sheets Search, view and print court docket sheets Pay Fine or Fees Securely pay fines, costs, and restitutionDOCKET Docket Number: MJ-03204-CR-0000149-2023 Criminal Docket Commonwealth of Pennsylvania v. ... County: Closed Township: Lower Saucon Township Case Status: Northampton ... 08/24/2023 Held for Court 08/24/2023 Docket Transcript Printed Magisterial District Court 03-2-04 Asa Malcolm Asciolla, Defendant ...The address is: Northampton County Courthouse 101 South Main Street Jackson, NC 27845 Please consult the official sources for the latest information, as things may have changed. Northampton County Superior Court. Criminal court, divorces and other civil filings. Northampton County District Court.COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF NORTHAMPTON COUNTY DOCKET Docket Number: CP-48-CR-0000753-2021 Court Case CRIMINAL DOCKET Page 1 of 7 Commonwealth of Pennsylvania v. ... Information Act may be subject to civil liability as set forth in 18 Pa.C.S. Section 9183. CPCMS 9082. COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF …The Public Web Docket Sheets option provides access to search, view, and print the docket sheets for Pennsyvlania's Criminal Courts of Common Pleas. Staff Listing Prothonotary (Civil) (570) 327-2251 Clerk of Courts (Criminal) (570) 327-2272Opinions Search court opinions and postings Cases of Public Interest Find information on cases Court of Judicial Discipline New postings Docket Sheets Search, view and print court docket sheets Pay Fine or Fees Securely pay fines, costs, and restitutionAssessment Division - (610) 829-6155. The Assessment division is responsible for the development and certification of tax rolls for County, Municipal and School district real property. The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania requires that the County maintain a uniform system of property valuation. It is also required that County assessors successfully ...Oct 9, 2023 · Welcome to the Northampton County Public Access Web Site. This site provides read access to tax record information from Northampton County, Pennsylvania. To access this information, start by performing a search of the property records data. Please note that this site is considered a demonstration and, as such, the accuracy or currency of data ... York County Prothonotary's Office. Search for a Case Hide Advanced Options. Advanced Filtering Options Reset. Only Cases Opened within this Date Range: Start: End: Display Contact Address. Only Cases of this Category: Only Cases with Judgments. Only Participants of this Category: ...Northampton County, OOR Dkt. AP 20210080, 2021 PA O.O.R.D. LEXIS 379- , or Mezzacappa v. Northampton County, OOR Dkt. AP 2023- 0603, 2023 PA O.O.R.D. LEXIS 1140. 3. Finally, the County submitted a judicial opinion from the Court of Common Pleas of Northampton County finding that surveillance video footage taken from the County Courthouse was a ...Financial Records. Attn: Rule 509 Records Manager. Pennsylvania Judicial Center. P.O. Box 61260. Harrisburg, PA 17106. p. 717-231-3300. f. 717-231-3298. EmailNorthampton County Court of Common Pleas, 669 Washington Street, Easton, PA 18042 • (610) 829-6500 • Contact The Court A production of Nexario Solutions , a service of Anchor Consulting . ©1999-2023 Anchor ConsultingThe Unified Judicial System provides forms for citizens, the judiciary and law enforcement. Included on this page are forms for filing civil complaints, private criminal complaints and notices of settlement when cases are privately resolved. Other forms may be found on individual county court websites. ‌.Civil Case. Search. The Superior Court, Court of Common Pleas and Justice of the Peace Court now offer the ability to access civil case information online 24-hours a day through CourtConnect. CourtConnect allows access to civil dockets by: searching a person's name, business name or case type. searching for judgments against a person or business.E-Services Portal. If you are a first-time visitor to the site and want to submit one or more filings, please be sure to Register first. Please review the User Guides in the help menu. …Northampton County County") pursuant to the Right(" -to-Know Law ("RTKL"), 65 P.S. §§ 67.101 et seq., seeking: The 2020 and 2022 Vote" Count by Party for Election"reports. Each report is no more than 2 pages long and details the turnout for the 2020 and 2022 General Election in Northampton County.Poor School Children Records; County Poor and Dog Tax Record, 1811-1835. 1 roll (LC97) Clerk of Courts. Court Records Docket and Court Records Docket Transcript including Road Indexes, 1681-1712. 1 roll (LC98) Oyer and Terminer Dockets, 1802-1911. Index to Oyer and Terminer Dockets, 1802-1935. (above 2 series combined on 1 roll)Docket Sheets Search, view and print court docket sheets; Pay Fine or Fees Securely pay fines, costs, and restitution; E-Filing ... To apply for a marriage license, both applicants must appear at the county court together in person to complete the marriage license application.The Difference Between Civil and Criminal Cases; Self Help. Handbook for Self-Represented Litigants; Child Custody; Divorce. Divorce Self Help Overview; 3301c - Mutual Consent; ... Northampton County Court of Common Pleas, 669 Washington Street, Easton, PA 18042 • (610) 829-6500 • Contact The Court.COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF NORTHAMPTON COUNTY DOCKET Docket Number: CP-48-CR-0002709-2022 Court Case CRIMINAL DOCKET Page 1 of 8 Commonwealth of Pennsylvania v. Mubarak I. Muhammad CASE INFORMATION Judge Assigned: Murray, Samuel P. Date Filed: 10/20/2022 Initiation Date: 06/29/2022 OTN: R 314424-5 LOTN: Originating Docket No: MJ-03205-CR-0000130-2022Northampton County Magisterial District Court is located in Northampton county in Pennsylvania. The court address is 24 W 21st St, #101, Northampton PA 18067. The phone number for Northampton County Magisterial District Court is 610-262-7433 and the fax number is 610-262-2885.Sheriff’s Department - For information regarding bench warrants contact Northampton County Sheriff’s Office at 610-829-6561. Northampton County Prison – 610-923-4300 (Central Booking) or 610-923-4303 (Records). Adult Probation – 610-559-6800 DUI Probation/ARD – 610-559-68105229 The Hornes, Eastville, VA 23347, USA. Public access to court records in Northampton County General District Court, Northampton County Court, Virginia. Lookup court cases for free, search case summary, find docket information, obtain court documents, track case status, and get alerts when new lawsuits are filed.Court Type: Superior Court: State: NC: County: Northampton: Street Address: 102 W. Jefferson St. City: Jackson: Zip Code: 27845: Phone: 252-574-3100: Hours: Monday ...Docket Sheets Search, view and print court docket sheets Pay Fine or Fees Securely pay fines, costs, and restitution E-Filing Electronically file documents with the courtsRequesting Historical Records. Please contact our office at 610-829-1220 or by e-mail at [email protected] prior to making your record request. If visiting the archives in-person, all records must be handled with care. There is no fee for researching records during an in-person visit. $5.00 per name search when requesting records by mail or e ... The Civil Division maintains all civil related Court records and carries out the following duties and responsibilities: Case initiation for all Civil Case Types. Docket, index, and scan all civil cases, family court cases, judgments, notes and liens. Process Orders of Court. Collect, process, and distribute funds to various individuals and ...A County Court judgment (CCJ) is a court order telling you to pay your debt. It is an action your creditors can take in the debt collection process. You have just over two weeks to respond. If you do not respond, the court could set payments at a rate you cannot keep up with. And there could be further action taken to collect the debt.Superior Court Judges. (252) 358-7120. District Court Judges. (252) 358-7080. Custody Mediation. (252) 794-6814. District Attorney. (252) 358-7150. Guardian ad Litem.6. 7. Display Contact Address. Only Cases of this Category: Only Cases with Judgments. Only Participants of this Category: Include Attorneys in Name Search. Sort Results By:Easton, Pennsylvania 18042. or. Northampton County Department of Human Services Building. Revenue Office -- 1 st Floor. 2801 Emrick Blvd. Bethlehem PA 18020. TEMPORARY HOURS CHANGE: The Revenue Office at the Human Services Building will be closed daily from 12pm - 1pm until further notice. Please call the Revenue Division at 610-829-6186 for ...As a result of the Domestic Relation Section's efforts, tax dollars are saved and families are provided the assistance needed. Contact: 126 S. Union St. Easton, PA 18042. Phone: 610-829-7700. Fax: 610-253-4135. State Website: www.childsupport.state.pa.us.Docket Sheets Search, view and print court docket sheets; Pay Fine or Fees Securely pay fines, costs, and restitution; E-Filing Electronically file documents with the courts; Forms Access Unified Judicial System forms; Public Records Access public records and policiesOct 9, 2023 · The County of Northampton makes no representations or warranties as to the suitability of this information for any particular purpose, and that to the extent you use or implement this information in your own setting, you do so at your own risk. The information provided herewith is solely for personal use and cannot be sold. Welcome to the Northampton County Public Access Web Site. This site provides read access to tax record information from Northampton County, Pennsylvania. To access this information, start by performing a search of the property records data. Please note that this site is considered a demonstration and, as such, the accuracy or currency of data ...Northampton General District Court 2A Judicial District of Virginia ... Wardens 3rd, 4th - Virginia Marine Police 1:30 p.m., Traffic - Exmore Wednesday 9:00 a.m., Traffic - Northampton County Sheriffs 10:00 a.m., Traffic - Eastville 1:30 p.m., 3rd - VASAP, Community Corrections Pre-Trial Services 1:30 p.m., 1st, 2nd - Contested DUI Cases ...Topics. Published Court Opinions. Law Library Services. Court Basics. Court Resources. Find information and announcements on cases currently before the courts. To find information on current cases, click Search Court Cases, Calendars, and Dockets.”.The Northampton County Court Records links below open in a new window and take you to third party websites that provide access to Northampton County Court Records. Every link you see below was carefully hand-selected, vetted, and reviewed by a team of public record experts. Editors frequently monitor and verify these resources on a routine basis. View Northampton County Court of Common Pleas calendars, schedules, and hearing lists by list or schedule type, month, or court type. ... Search Philadelphia Municipal Court dockets online. Search results include basic case information with links to docket sheets and court summaries. Both past and future docket events are included.COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF NORTHAMPTON COUNTY DOCKET Docket Number: CP-48-CR-0001842-2022 Court Case CRIMINAL DOCKET Page 1 of 6 Commonwealth of Pennsylvania v. Gregory John Stefan Jr. CASE INFORMATION Judge Assigned: Date Filed: 07/22/2022 Initiation Date: 03/11/2022 OTN: R 256711-0 LOTN: Originating Docket No: MJ-03203-CR-0000059-2022Opinions Search court opinions and postings Cases of Public Interest Find information on cases Court of Judicial Discipline New postings Docket Sheets Search, view and print court docket sheets Pay Fine or Fees Securely pay fines, costs, and restitutionDocket Sheets Search, view and print court docket sheets; Pay Fine or Fees Securely pay fines, costs, and restitution; E-Filing ... To apply for a marriage license, both applicants must appear at the county court together in person to complete the marriage license application.Northampton County Court of Common Pleas, 669 Washington Street, Easton, PA 18042 • (610) 829-6500 • Contact The Court A production of Nexario Solutions , a service of Anchor Consulting . ©1999-2023 Anchor ConsultingSzulborski was 74, public records show. Two current members of the county council are running in the Nov. 7 election for a four-year term as controller, Democrat Tara Zrinski and Republican John ...11. Display Contact Address. Only Cases of this Category: Only Cases with Judgments. Only Participants of this Category: Include Attorneys in Name Search. Sort Results By: Find Northampton County public records. Search court and inmate records, arrest and criminal history that are public information available from government agencies in Northampton County, North Carolina. ... Court Name: Address: City: Northampton County Superior Court. 102 W. Jefferson St. Jackson. More details.OTN: X 403204-4 LOTN: Initial Issuing Authority: Susan Hutnik. Arresting Agency: Pennsylvania Office of Attorney General Complaint/Citation No.: CPE210002 County: …Northampton County Court Records are public records, documents, files, and transcripts associated with court cases and court dockets available in Northampton County, North Carolina. Courts in Northampton County maintain records on everything that occurs during the legal process for future reference, including appeals.Access court records filed on 2023-05-31 for Northampton County Trial Courts, PA. Search court cases for free, read the case summary, find docket information, download court documents, track case status, and get alerts when cases are updated.Access court records filed on 2023-08-04 for Northampton County Trial Courts, PA. Search court cases for free, read the case summary, find docket information, download court documents, track case status, and get alerts when cases are updated.Civil Dockets – Courtroom 1B or 5D, Monday through Friday at 9:00 a.m. Emergency Committal Dockets – Wednesdays and Fridays at 10:00 a.m. at the Middle Tennessee Mental Health Institute. Click here for map location. Order of Protection Docket – Monday through Friday at 8:30 a.m. in Courtroom 4B. The Environmental and Metro Docket ...This is a pay per access service of $.15 per minute / $.10 per page loaded. Use Index Book Tab to search records 1812 to 1983 and Major/Minor Subdivision plans from 1812 to 2002. For guidance on searching the LANDEX website, contact LANDEX at 800-370-2836. Lehigh County Online Records Access – Must establish an account and pay a yearly fee. Northampton County Court Records are public records, documents, files, and transcripts associated with court cases and court dockets available in Northampton County, North Carolina. Courts in Northampton County maintain records on everything that occurs during the legal process for future reference, including appeals.In 2017, a total of 856 juvenile cases were reported for every 100,000 people age 10 to adulthood in the jurisdiction of Northampton County. Of that total, 80% of those proceedings were delinquencies which equaled 687 court cases. Another 20% were dependency cases that accounted for 169 of the juvenile cases.The county of Northampton is located in and was founded in 1741. There are 22,099 residents in Northampton who have access to courthouses in Jackson. In general, each county has a full set of courts, from traffic court to superior and appellate court; supreme courts are usually located in the state capital.Civil Docket : A $5 Convenience fee will be added to the transaction at checkout. Case ID: 9 digits: Pass Code Enter exactly as it appears on the right:To get a new code click here. User Accepts/Agrees to ...Fax. Clerk's Office, Criminal matters (413) 586-1980. Clerk's Office, Civil matters (413) 584-9479. Probati, Opinions Search court opinions and postings Cases of Public Interest Find in, Cases for Trial October 2023. Case Number: CP-48-CR-0003085-2, Docket Sheets Search, view and print court docket sheets; Pay Fine or Fees Secur, Find out more information about the Gaston County Courthouse. Jury Service. Find information about jury service in this , Welcome to the Northampton County Public Access Web Site. This site provides read access to tax record infor, Case Look-up. This section of the website provides users with information about Supreme and Appellate, , This is a pay per access service of $.15 per minut, Docket Sheets Search, view and print court docket shee, Docket Sheets Search, view and print court docket sheets; Pay Fine o, The Difference Between Civil and Criminal Cases; Self He, Northampton County Court of Common Pleas, 669 Washington , Online Viewing of Court Records Court Records Search Beginning in 201, Northampton County Court of Common Pleas, 669 Washington Stree, COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF NORTHAMPTON COUNTY DOCKET Docket Number:, North Carolina Conference of Clerks of Superior Court 2023-2024 Off, 6. 7. Display Contact Address. Only Cases of this Category: Only C, COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF NORTHAMPTON COUNTY DOCKET Docket Number: CP-4.