Is the same procedure to calculate Cpk, The difference between them is that the ppk is applied to the first 100 production parts, That´s why is preliminary. 1) Just take subgroup zise of 5,times 20. 2) Map the 100 point with an histogram. 2.1) If normal distribution -> Goto 3.1.จะเห็นว่าสิ่งที่แตกต่างในสูตรการคำนวณคือ ตัวหาร (Denominator) สำหรับค่า Cpk ทั้งแบบด้านบนและด้านล่างจะใช้ ค่าเบี่ยงเบนมาตรฐานภายในกลุ่มย่อย (Within Standard deviation) ซึ่งมาจากค่าเฉลี่ยของค่า ...Step by Step Instructions to Expand QI Macros Cp Cpk Template in Excel. 1. Open the template and select the Cp Cpk 35 worksheet which is built for 35 characteristics. Notice, there are hidden columns between AJ and BT: 2. If you select columns AJ:BT and right click to Unhide these columns, you'll see the calculations for range values needed to ...Looking for a Cp Cpk Template in Excel? QI Macros has a ready made template for you! Just drop in your data and QI Macros does the rest. To calculate Cp and Cpk: Select the template from QI Macros menu Input …How to use the Attribute Cp Cpk calculator: QI Macros installs on Excel's menu. To open the template, click on QI Macros > Capability Templates > Cp Cpk Templates. Next click on the worksheet tab labeled: Pass-Fail …Formula from excel. =MIN (USL-mu:mi-LSL)/ (3*sigma) MIN = minimum function, USL is a column, LSL is a column, mu = average of the length column, sigma = STDEV of the Length column. I know how to get the STDEV (sigma) and average (mu) but not how to use them together to get an output for the formula. mysql.1. Cpk is the potential of a process to meet a specification (short term). It is used to measure the potential capability of a system to meet customer needs. 2. Ppk is how the process did (long term). It is used to measure the performance of a system to meet customer needs. Use it when you want to measure a system’s actual process performance.SPC Process Capability Cp, Cpk and Machine Capability Cm, Cmk.In this lesson we will look at what capability indices are and what they stand for when it come...The Excel worksheet function T.TEST uses the calculated df value without rounding, because it is possible to compute a value for T.TEST with a noninteger df. Because of these different approaches to determining the degrees of freedom, the results of T.TEST and this t-Test tool will differ in the Unequal Variances case. z-Test.What is the formula of Cp & Cpk? Cp= ((USL-LSL)/ (6 x Standard Deviation)) , where USL=Upper Specification Limit & …What is Cool about QI Macros Histogram Maker in Excel? Calculates more than 20 process capability analysis metrics including Cp Cpk and Pp Ppk. Draws a bell curve. It is interactive: Calculations can be viewed and updated in the Excel worksheet created by QI Macros. Allows you to experiment with how spec limits impact Cp Cpk by changing them in ...6 Sigma Calculation Formulas in Excel. We need to know and find the values below to find if the sigma level is 6 or somewhat else. Unit (U): This is the number of products taken into consideration for inspection. Opportunity (O): This is the number of flaws possible in one unit. Defect (D): This is the number of products that contain any number ...2. For each number, subtract the mean and square the result. This is the part of the standard deviation formula that says: ( xi - x)2. To visualize what's actually going on, please have a look at the following images. In this example, the mean is 5, so we calculate the difference between each data point and 5.Jul 5, 2022 · Cpk es un índice estándar para indicar la capacidad de un proceso, cuanto mayor sea el valor de Cpk, mejor será el proceso. Por ejemplo, la Máquina 1 tiene un Cpk de 1,7 y la máquina 2 tiene un Cpk de 1,1. A partir del valor de Cpk, se puede deducir que la Máquina 1 es mejor que la 2. Cpk = o >1.33 indica que el proceso es capaz y cumple ... Here are the steps to create a bell curve for this dataset: In cell A1 enter 35. This value can be calculated using Mean – 3* Standard Deviation (65-3*10). In the cell below it enter 36 and create a series from 35 to 95 (where 95 is Mean + 3* Standard Deviation). You can do this quickly by using the autofill option, or use the fill handle and ...Solved Examples for Cpk Formulas Q.1: Food served at a restaurant should be between 38^{\circ}C and 49^{\circ}C when it is delivered to the customer. The process used to keep the food at the correct temperature has a process standard deviation of 2^{\circ}C and the mean value for these temperatures is 40.Cómo Calcular Cp y Cpk con el Complemento SPC for Excel El Cálculo de los índices Cp y Cpk en el Control Estadístico de Procesos permite evaluar que tan bien el proceso se apega a las especificaciones técnicas deseadas o equivalentemente determinar si el proceso cumple el objetivo funcional para el cual fue diseñado.Free Excel sheet for calculation of Process Capability Indices - Cp, Cpk, Pp, and Ppk Click to this link to know more about Process Capability Indices - Cp,To get Ppk (which is the lesser of PPU and PPL), we need to calculate PPU and PPL using the standard deviation and mean shown above, following the formulas shown in Methods and Formulas: In Minitab, we use Calc > Calculator to enter the formulas and store them in the worksheet: The formulas above give us a PPU of 0.922719 and PPL of 0.800701.DPMO, Z-Score, Cpk, Yield Conversion Table. Short Term Sigma Conversion Table. Note: Converting a Sigma score to Cpk is only an approximation because Cpk is based only upon the specification limit closest to the process mean (recall the calculation for Cpk has two values). The opposite side of the process distribution, which may have a tail ...Standard Deviation Formulas in Excel. In excel, there are eight formulas to calculate the standard deviation. These are grouped under sample and population. The functions STDEV.S, STDEVA, STDEV, DSTDEV are under sample and STDEV.P, STDEVP, STDEVPA, DSTDEVP are under population. The Syntax of STDEV.S Function. The …The calculation for the Process Capability Index is “Your process's CTQ Specification Interval divided by 6 Sigmas". It is divided into 'CTQ', 'Specification Interval' and '6 Sigmas' and each is ...The STDEV function syntax has the following arguments: Number1 Required. The first number argument corresponding to a sample of a population. Number2, ... Optional. Number arguments 2 to 255 corresponding to a sample of a population. You can also use a single array or a reference to an array instead of arguments separated by commas.Step by Step Instructions to Expand QI Macros Cp Cpk Template in Excel. 1. Open the template and select the Cp Cpk 35 worksheet which is built for 35 characteristics. Notice, there are hidden columns between AJ and BT: 2. If you select columns AJ:BT and right click to Unhide these columns, you'll see the calculations for range values needed to ...There are different types of capability indices, but the most common ones are Cp, Cpk, Pp, and Ppk. You can use Excel formulas or functions to calculate these indices.Hipótesis y cálculos del intervalo de confianza para Cp y Cpk. Sunday, 06 June 2021. Amigos, Publico de nuevo el artículo del blog sobre los cálculos de Cp y Cpk con Excel®, ya que mejoré la hoja de cálculo. Si desean la nueva hoja de cálculo, envíenme un correo electrónico a [email protected]. Saludos, Histogram, (Minitab/Excel/QI Macros for exel) ... One of the SPC tools are process capability indicators (Cp, Cpk) or performance indicators such as Pp, Ppk. In this paper, on a mass measuring ...The higher the values of Cp, Cpk, Pp and Ppk, the better the process is in meeting the specifications. A common benchmark is to aim for a minimum value of 1.33, which indicates that the process is ...Aug 11, 2021 · Excelで工程能力 (Cp,Cpk)を計算する方法. Cp値とCpk値を求める前に、平均値と標準偏差の計算が必要です。. 平均値は. 「=AVERAGE (データ範囲)」. 標準偏差は. 「=STDEV (データ範囲)」. で計算できます。. これで準備はOKです！. それぞれ以下の計算式で計算していき ... 2 different templates : calculation for a bilateral tolerance calculation for a unilateral tolerance Based on the measured values, the template automatically generates: Cp/Cpk values The mean UCL/LCL values Sample size 2 visual graphs Screenshots Download link To download this tool, click on the following link : Download this tool LicenseDec 8, 2014 · To get Ppk (which is the lesser of PPU and PPL), we need to calculate PPU and PPL using the standard deviation and mean shown above, following the formulas shown in Methods and Formulas: In Minitab, we use Calc > Calculator to enter the formulas and store them in the worksheet: The formulas above give us a PPU of 0.922719 and PPL of 0.800701. Interpretations of Cp and Cpk. When the Cp value is greater than 1 i.e. Cp value >1: The process spread is less and all products fall within the specification limit. Here the process is said to be quite capable of meeting the specification limit. When the Cp value is equal to 1 i.e. Cp value =1: The process spread is little wide but running ...Para calcular Cp e Cpk no Excel, siga os seguintes passos: Abra uma nova planilha do Excel. Digite os dados que você deseja analisar em uma coluna da planilha. Calcule a média e o desvio padrão dos seus dados. Para isso, utilize as funções do Excel "MÉDIA" e "DESVPAD". Calcule o limite superior e inferior de especificação (LS e LI).How to use the Attribute Cp Cpk calculator: QI Macros installs on Excel's menu. To open the template, click on QI Macros > Capability Templates > Cp Cpk Templates. Next click on the worksheet tab labeled: Pass-Fail Cp Cpk Calculator. Enter the parts that failed the go/no-go test in Cells B2:B3 and Total Parts in cell B4. These will be converted ...Solution of part 2= 0.166. Now, substitute the solutions in the formula, we have: Cpk = min (part 1, part 2) Cpk = min (1.5, 0.166) Since the mininum value is 0.166, The process capability index, Cpk is 0.166. Register with BYJU’S -The Learning App to learn more formulas. FORMULAS Related Links.where ν is calculated based on the method used to estimate σ 2within: Pooled standard deviation: ν = Σ (n i - 1) Average moving range and Median moving range: ν ≈ k – Rspan + 1. Square root of MSSD: ν = k - 1. Rbar: ν = 0.9 k (n - 1) Sbar: ν = f n k (n - 1), where f n is the adjustment factor that varies with n, as shown in the ...Cpk = MIN ( (Upper specification limit - Mean) / (3 * Standard deviation), (Mean - Lower specification limit) / (3 * Standard deviation)) …Feb 26, 2010 · In this case, the formula considers the quantity of variation given by standard deviation and an acceptable gap allowed by specified limits despite the mean. The results reflect the population’s standard deviation, estimated from the mean of the standard deviations within the subgroups as 0.413258, which generates a C p of 0.81. Rational ... Cp = (Upper specification limit - Lower specification limit) / (6 * Standard deviation) Cpk = MIN ( (Upper specification limit - Mean) / (3 * Standard deviation), (Mean - Lower specification...SPC KNOWLEDGE BASE. Process Capability and Non-Normal Data. July 2014. This month’s publication takes a look at process capability calculations and the impact non-normal data has on the results. The most common method of expressing process capability involves calculating a Cpk value, i.e., a process has a Cpk = 1.54.Thus, every Cpk value corresponds to a percent defective rate, which may be expressed in parts per million, or ppm. Table 1 shows some Cpk values and their equivalent ppm rates. In the semiconductor industry, the Cpk goal for a process is normally set at 1.67, although a Cpk of 1.33 is still considered acceptable. Table 1. Cpk Vs. ppm. Cpk. Sigma.The CKD-EPI (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration) equation was developed in an effort to create a more precise formula to estimate glomerular filtrate rate (GFR) from serum creatinine and other readily available clinical parameters, especially at when actual GFR is >60 mL/min per 1.73m 2.. Researchers pooled data from multiple …The formula for calculating compound annual growth rate (CAGR) in Excel is: = ((FV/PV)^(1/n)) – 1, where “FV” is the ending value, “PV” is the beginning value and “n” is the number of years. CAGR is a measurement of the return on an investm...Solution: Cpk is a standard index to state the capability of one process, the higher the Cpk value the better the process is. For instance, Machine 1 has a Cpk of 1.7 and machine 2 has a Cpk of 1.1. From the Cpk value, one can derive that Machine 1 is better than 2. Cpk = or >1.33 indicates that the process is capable and meets specification ...Cpk is a simple and useful metric for comparing your process with your internal or external specifications, targets, expectations, or any other desired outcome for your process. 1. Simple yet powerful calculation. To compute your Cpk value, you only need to know the mean and standard deviation of your data and the specs you want to test against. 2.Both Cpk and Ppk are the minimum of two process indices. The equations for Cpk and Ppk are shown in Table 1. Table 1: Cpk and Ppk Equations. The X with double bar over it is the overall average. In the Cpk equations, σ is used to estimate the process variation. σ is the estimated standard deviation obtained from a range control chart.In addition, you need to calculate the standard deviation using the “STDEV” function. This function measures how far the values are dispersed from the average value. cpk in excel: Step 1. Launch Microsoft Excel and type “Data” in A1, “Upper Limit” in B1, “Average” in C1, “StDev” in D1, and “Cpk” in E1. cpk in excel: Step 2 Standard Deviation Formulas in Excel. In excel, there are eight formulas to calculate the standard deviation. These are grouped under sample and population. The functions STDEV.S, STDEVA, STDEV, DSTDEV are under sample and STDEV.P, STDEVP, STDEVPA, DSTDEVP are under population. The Syntax of STDEV.S Function. The …Cpk es un índice estándar para indicar la capacidad de un proceso, cuanto mayor sea el valor de Cpk, mejor será el proceso. Por ejemplo, la Máquina 1 tiene un Cpk de 1,7 y la máquina 2 tiene un Cpk de 1,1. A partir del valor de Cpk, se puede deducir que la Máquina 1 es mejor que la 2. Cpk = o >1.33 indica que el proceso es capaz y cumple ...Now the term Cpk is only the value that is smallest of the above two, that is Cpu and Cpl. Process Capability Index Formula. Cpk is the smallest of the Cpu and Cpl. Let’s take an example. Example 2: - The training room temperature during the training must be kept between 18 degrees Celsius and 26 degrees Celsius.Cp Cpk True Position MMC Cpk True Position Histogram Capability plot Probability plot X chart Range chart Values plot Examples of Tools included in QI Macros for Excel Cp Cpk Equivalent to 1.00 3 Sigma 1.33 4 Sigma 1.67 5 Sigma 2.00 6 Sigma Advantages of Using QI Macros Histogram Maker Download 30-Day Trial at: www.qimacros.comCmk, Cpk, and Ppk relate the standard deviation and centering of the process about the midpoint to the allowable tolerance specifications. An estimate for Cmk = Cm(1-k). and since the maximum value for k is 1.0, then the value for Cmk is always equal to or less than Cm.If you multiply that decimal by 100, that is your Yield (%). If you take the decimal and look it up in a standard normal curve (Z table), you can determine the corresponding Z which is the long term Z. To convert to short term Z, which is the Sigma level, use the following formula: Z (short term) = Z (long term) + 1.5.Step 1: Setting Up Your Excel Worksheet Launch Microsoft Excel and set up your worksheet headers. You will need five columns for this exercise. Step 2: Entering Your Data Input your data points in the “Data” column, starting from A2. In this example, we’ll use data points from 1 to 10.where ν is calculated based on the method used to estimate σ 2within: Pooled standard deviation: ν = Σ (n i - 1) Average moving range and Median moving range: ν ≈ k – Rspan + 1. Square root of MSSD: ν = k - 1. Rbar: ν = 0.9 k (n - 1) Sbar: ν = f n k (n - 1), where f n is the adjustment factor that varies with n, as shown in the ...where ν is calculated based on the method used to estimate σ 2within: Pooled standard deviation: ν = Σ (n i - 1) Average moving range and Median moving range: ν ≈ k – Rspan + 1. Square root of MSSD: ν = k - 1. Rbar: ν = 0.9 k (n - 1) Sbar: ν = f n k (n - 1), where f n is the adjustment factor that varies with n, as shown in the ...Aug 3, 2023 · There are different types of capability indices, but the most common ones are Cp, Cpk, Pp, and Ppk. You can use Excel formulas or functions to calculate these indices. Just click on QI Macros Menu, Capability Templates and Histogram with Cp Cpk. Input your data and spec limits into the yellow shaded areas on the Excel worksheet. The histogram chart and bell curve is created to the right. Process capability metrics Cp Cpk Pp Ppk are calculated using sigma estimator. To switch between estimators, change cell R2 ...Oct 5, 2023 · An estimate for Cpk = Cp (1-k). Since the max value for k is 1.0, so the value for Cpk will always be less or equal to Cp. Input is required from the customer regarding the lower specification limit (LSL) and the upper specification limit (USL). If Cp value is equal to Cpk value, then the process is operating at borderline conditions. We have shown the steps of determining sigma in 3 methods. The foremost thing is to learn about the whole formula and how it works. We believe if you understand the formula, then achieving the outcome with Excel becomes insanely easy. While inserting the formula, we must put extra conscious. Any mistake in the formula will give us wrong results.Solution: Cpk is a standard index to state the capability of one process, the higher the Cpk value the better the process is. For instance, Machine 1 has a Cpk of 1.7 and machine 2 has a Cpk of 1.1. From the Cpk value, one can derive that Machine 1 is better than 2. Cpk = or >1.33 indicates that the process is capable and meets specification ...Cómo Calcular Cp y Cpk con el Complemento SPC for Excel El Cálculo de los índices Cp y Cpk en el Control Estadístico de Procesos permite evaluar que tan bien el proceso se apega a las especificaciones técnicas deseadas o equivalentemente determinar si el proceso cumple el objetivo funcional para el cual fue diseñado.In Excel, you can use the function STDEV to calculate the standard deviation. The result is: s = 5.7. This is the value that would be used in calculating Ppk. The difference between Cpk and Ppk is simply in how you calculated the standard deviation. So, which is better to use: the short-term Cpk capability or the long-term Ppk capability? SPC Process Capability Cp, Cpk and Machine Capability Cm, Cmk.In this lesson we will look at what capability indices are and what they stand for when it come...Sbar = Σ (σi)/n Average of the Subgroup Ranges Use when n = 1 to 4 d2 is a constant based on subgroup size Rbar = Average (Ri) (Average of the Ranges in samples) n = the subgroup size QI Macros Works Right in …Subgroup size = 1 https://youtu.be/rIRSkmn6fQsStandard deviation2 different templates : calculation for a bilateral tolerance calculation for a unilateral tolerance Based on the measured values, the template automatically generates: Cp/Cpk values The mean UCL/LCL …Process Capability Analysis: – The Process Capability (Cp) and process Capability Index (Cpk) are the important tools, which give an Idea about the Process Capability of a Stable Process. Here we will discuss on Calculation of Cp and Cpk with Examples.At a minimum, see the Excel AVERAGE and STDEV functions. Substitute those results appropriately in the formulas for Cp, Cpk, Pp and Ppk. Your original data are missing the specification limits of the process.Tables of Formulas for Control charts Control Limits Samples not necessarily of constant size u chart for number of incidences per unit in one or more categories If the Sample size is constant (n) p chart for proportions of units in a category CL p = p CL np = pn CL c = c CL u = u i p n p p UCL p i 1( ) 3 − = + i p n p p LCL p i 1( ) 3 − ...Define your process. The first step is to define your process and its inputs and outputs. You need to know what you are trying to achieve, what factors affect the process, and how you measure the ...Now use the Excel formula =-normsinv(.33)+1.5 for short term sigma. You will get a value of 1.93, this is the process sigma and you can cross check the sigma table in the previous example. ... we need to calculate Cpk. You can check Process Capability section for more details; Cpk compares product specifications relative to centre ( ) of the process; Similar …Instructions for Use. Input areas are shaded in yellow and represent the following: Opportunities = the number of defects possible per unit. Defects = # of defects. Units = # of units in a sample. When you input these three items, the template performs the calculations and displays these metrics in cells B5:11: DPMO: defects per million ...The actual formula is: In order to calculate the DPMO, three distinct pieces of information are required: Example: A manufacturer of computer hard drives wants to measure their Six Sigma level. Over a given period of time, the manufacturer creates 83,934 hard drives. During testing 3,432 are rejected.Both Cpk and Ppk are the minimum of two process indices. The equations for Cpk and Ppk are shown in Table 1. Table 1: Cpk and Ppk Equations. The X with double bar over it is the overall average. In the Cpk equations, σ is used to estimate the process variation. σ is the estimated standard deviation obtained from a range control chart.It will help to meet all the expectations within a tolerance zone only. When the Cpk is more than 1, then the system is said to have the potential to perform as well as required. There is a specific equation for the calculation of Cpk. The equation for the process capability index includes [Minimum (mean– LSL, USL – mean)] / (0.5*NT).สู ตรคํานวณค่า CP, CPK, PP และ PPK. ดัชนีความสามารถของกระบวนการในระยะสั้น ดัชนีความสามารถของกระบวนการในระยะยาว USL − LSL USL − LSL Cp = …To calculate Cp and Cpk: Select the template from QI Macros menu Input target, tolerances and measurements. QI Macros does the rest! Example of the QI Macros Cp Cpk Template QI Macros template calculates Cp, Cpk, Pp, and Ppk. It has space for up to 35 characteristics and 100 measurements. There are Seven Cp Cpk Worksheets in the TemplateDPMO = Total Number of Defects found in Sample / (Sample Size * Number of Defects Opportunities per Unit in the Sample) * 1000000. DPMO = 635 / (500 * 520) * 1000000. DPMO = 2442.308.Coding example for the question Calculate cp & cpk-VBA Excel. ... Excel formula to calculate diff b/w 1st value and last value in a column ...2. For each number, subtract the mean and square the result. This is the part of the standard deviation formula that says: ( xi - x)2. To visualize what's actually going on, please have a look at the following images. In this example, the mean is 5, so we calculate the difference between each data point and 5.Step 1: Fill basic details in Excel template. → Define the parameter for study and mention Part Name, Part Number, Tolerance band, Machine name, Date, etc. in the SPC Excel_template. → We will write down all the details in the SPC Excel_template. Variable Control Charts. XmR (Individuals and Range) Chart formula. XmR Trend Chart formula. X bar R (Average and Range) Chart formula. X median R (Median and Range ) Chart formula. X and S (Standard Deviation) Chart formula.Instructions for Use. Input areas are shaded in yellow and represent the following: Opportunities = the number of defects possible per unit. Defects = # of defects. Units = # of units in a sample. When you input these three items, the template performs the calculations and displays these metrics in cells B5:11: DPMO: defects per million ...Cpk is a simple and useful metric for comparing your process with your internal or external specifications, targets, expectations, or any other desired outcome for your process. 1. Simple yet powerful calculation. To compute your Cpk value, you only need to know the mean and standard deviation of your data and the specs you want to test against. 2.Creating a New Cpk Chart. 1. Select the data on the worksheet to be included in the analysis. 2. Select “Cpk” from the “Process Capability” panel on the SPC for Excel ribbon. 3. The input screen for the process capability is shown. The default data range is the range you selected on the worksheet.15 thg 1, 2017 ... Unilateral Tolerance's Calculation on Excel Worksheet. Put them in the Cpk's formula, then Cpk with the Upper Specification Limit is 1.056 ...Is the same procedure to calculate Cpk, The difference between them is that the ppk is applied to the first 100 production parts, That´s why is preliminary. 1) Just take subgroup zise of 5,times 20. 2) Map the 100 point with an histogram. 2.1) If normal distribution -> Goto 3.1.CPK is used to measure how centered the sample data is from a specified limit. In order for you to calculate CPK you need to calculate the average of your sample data by using the "Average" function. In addition, you need to calculate the standard deviation using the "STDEV" function.Hipótesis y cálculos del intervalo de confianza para Cp y Cpk. Sunday, 06 June 2021. Amigos, Publico de nuevo el artículo del blog sobre los cálculos de Cp y Cpk con Excel®, ya que mejoré la hoja de cálculo. Si desean la nueva hoja de cálculo, envíenme un correo electrónico a [email protected]. Saludos,Cp and CpkProcess Capability Metrics. Cp is the capability index. It measures how well the data might fit b, How to Use the True Position Template to Calculate Cp Cpk. Open the template by clicking on, CPK is used to measure how centered the sample data is from a specified limit. In order for you to ca, An estimate for Cpk = Cp (1-k). Since the max value for k is 1.0, so the value for Cpk wil, Yes, indeed, you are calculating pp and ppk < row 41 B, , How to Calculate 3 Sigma in Excel. As a bonus, we’ll show, Generally, higher Cpk values indicate a more capable process. Lower Cpk values indicate that your , Jun 28, 2020 · This video is part of a lecture series availab, Cómo calcular CPK Con Excel Aprender a calcular CPK en Microso, Jul 5, 2022 · Cpk es un índice estándar para indicar la c, where ν is calculated based on the method used to , 2. For each number, subtract the mean and square the r, This article describes the formula syntax and usag, Usually Cp & Cpk are used once a process has g, From the formula given below we can calculate the Cpk capability r, Cpk gives the best scenario for the existing process and helps , 30. Index and Match. This is an Advanced Excel function. MATCH, Mean Value = 38.667. The mean (38.667) is closer to one.